Player===Match===Overs===Runs===Wkts
Muttiah Muralitharan===329===17713===11485===505
Wasim Akram===356===18186===11812===502
Waqar Younis===262===12698===9913===416
Chaminda Vaas===322===15775===11014===400
Shaun Pollock===303===15712===9631===393
Glenn McGrath===250===12970===8391===381
Anil Kumble===271===14496===10412===337
Javagal Srinath===229===11935===8847===315
Wednesday, July 08, 2009
Fastest 50s (ODI Records)
1. Sanath Jayasuriya : 76 runs in 17 balls (8 fours,5 sixes) against Pakistan in Singapore on 07/04/1996.
2. Simon O'Donnell : 74 runs in 18 balls (4 fours, 6 sixes) against Sri Lanka in Sharjah on 02/05/1990.
3. Shahid Afridi : 102 runs in 18 balls (6 fours, 11 sixes) against Sri Lanka in Nairobi on 04/10/1996.
4. Shahid Afridi : 55* runs in 18 balls (4 fours, 6 sixes) against Netherlands in Colombo on 21/09/2002.
5. Ross Taylor : 59* runs in 19 balls (4 fours, 5 sixes) against Ireland in Aberdeen on 01/07/2008.
6. David Hussey : 52 runs in 19 balls (4 fours, 4 sixes) against West Indies in St Kitts on 06/07/2008.
7. Mark Boucher : 51* runs in 19 balls (2 fours, 6 sixes) against Kenya in Cape Town on 22/10/2001.
8. Justin Kemp : 53* runs in 19 balls (2 fours, 5 sixes) against Zimbabwe in Durban on 27/02/2005.
9. Brendon : 80* runs in 19 balls (9 fours, 6 sixes) against Bangladesh in Queenstown on 31/12/2007.
10. Shahid Afridi : 77* runs in 20 balls (5 fours, 6 sixes) against South Africa in Durban on 07/02/2007.
11. Shahid Afridi : 102 runs in 20 balls (10 fours, 9 sixes) against India in Kanpur on 15/04/2005.
12. Brendon McCullum : 52 runs in 20 balls (1 four, 5 sixes) against Canada in St Lucia on 22/03/2007.
2. Simon O'Donnell : 74 runs in 18 balls (4 fours, 6 sixes) against Sri Lanka in Sharjah on 02/05/1990.
3. Shahid Afridi : 102 runs in 18 balls (6 fours, 11 sixes) against Sri Lanka in Nairobi on 04/10/1996.
4. Shahid Afridi : 55* runs in 18 balls (4 fours, 6 sixes) against Netherlands in Colombo on 21/09/2002.
5. Ross Taylor : 59* runs in 19 balls (4 fours, 5 sixes) against Ireland in Aberdeen on 01/07/2008.
6. David Hussey : 52 runs in 19 balls (4 fours, 4 sixes) against West Indies in St Kitts on 06/07/2008.
7. Mark Boucher : 51* runs in 19 balls (2 fours, 6 sixes) against Kenya in Cape Town on 22/10/2001.
8. Justin Kemp : 53* runs in 19 balls (2 fours, 5 sixes) against Zimbabwe in Durban on 27/02/2005.
9. Brendon : 80* runs in 19 balls (9 fours, 6 sixes) against Bangladesh in Queenstown on 31/12/2007.
10. Shahid Afridi : 77* runs in 20 balls (5 fours, 6 sixes) against South Africa in Durban on 07/02/2007.
11. Shahid Afridi : 102 runs in 20 balls (10 fours, 9 sixes) against India in Kanpur on 15/04/2005.
12. Brendon McCullum : 52 runs in 20 balls (1 four, 5 sixes) against Canada in St Lucia on 22/03/2007.
Prime Ministers of India
1. Shri Jawaharlal Nehru :August 15, 1947 - May 27, 1964
2. Shri Gulzari Lal Nanda :May 27, 1964 - June 9, 1964
3. Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri :June 9, 1964 - January 11, 1966
4. Shri Gulzari Lal Nanda :January 11, 1966 - January 24, 1966
5. Mrs. Indira Gandhi :January 24, 1966 - March 24, 1977
6. Shri Morarji Desai :March 24, 1977 - July 28, 1979
7. Shri Charan Singh :July 28, 1979 - January 14, 1980
8. Mrs. Indira Gandhi :January 14, 1980 - October 31, 1984
9. Shri Rajiv Gandhi :October 31, 1984 - December 2, 1989
10. Shri Vishwanath Pratap Singh :December 2, 1989 - November 10, 1990
11. Shri Chandra Shekhar :November 10, 1990 - June 21, 1991
12. Shri P. V. Narasimha Rao :June 21, 1991- May 16, 1996
13. Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee :May 16, 1996 - June 1, 1996
14. Shri H. D. Deve Gowda :June 1, 1996 - April 21, 1997
15. Shri Inder Kumar :Gujral April 21, 1997 - March 19, 1998
16. Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee :March 19, 1998 - May 22, 2004
17. Dr. Manmohan Singh :May 22, 2004 - till date
2. Shri Gulzari Lal Nanda :May 27, 1964 - June 9, 1964
3. Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri :June 9, 1964 - January 11, 1966
4. Shri Gulzari Lal Nanda :January 11, 1966 - January 24, 1966
5. Mrs. Indira Gandhi :January 24, 1966 - March 24, 1977
6. Shri Morarji Desai :March 24, 1977 - July 28, 1979
7. Shri Charan Singh :July 28, 1979 - January 14, 1980
8. Mrs. Indira Gandhi :January 14, 1980 - October 31, 1984
9. Shri Rajiv Gandhi :October 31, 1984 - December 2, 1989
10. Shri Vishwanath Pratap Singh :December 2, 1989 - November 10, 1990
11. Shri Chandra Shekhar :November 10, 1990 - June 21, 1991
12. Shri P. V. Narasimha Rao :June 21, 1991- May 16, 1996
13. Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee :May 16, 1996 - June 1, 1996
14. Shri H. D. Deve Gowda :June 1, 1996 - April 21, 1997
15. Shri Inder Kumar :Gujral April 21, 1997 - March 19, 1998
16. Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee :March 19, 1998 - May 22, 2004
17. Dr. Manmohan Singh :May 22, 2004 - till date
The Presidents of India
1. Dr. Rajendra Prasad (1884-1963)
Term of Office: 26 January 1950 TO 13 May 1962
2. Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan (1888-1975)
Term of Office: 13 May 1962 TO 13 May 1967
3. Dr. Zakir Husain (1897-1969)
Term of Office: 13 May 1967 TO 3 May 1969
4. Shri Varahagiri Venkata Giri (1894-1980)
Term of Office: 3 May 1969 TO 20 July 1969 and 24 August 1969 TO 24 August 1974
5. Dr. Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed (1905-1977)
Term of Office: 24 August 1974 TO 11 February 1977
6. SHRI NEELAM SANJIVA REDDY (1913-1996)
Term of Office: 25 July 1977 TO 25 July 1982
7. Giani Zail Singh (1916-1994)
Term of Office: 25 July 1982 TO 25 July 1987
8. Shri R Venkataraman (1910-2009)
Term of Office: 25 July 1987 TO 25 July 1992
9. Dr Shankar Dayal Sharma (1918-1999)
Term of Office: 25 July 1992 TO 25 July 1997
10. Shri K. R. Narayanan (1920-2005)
Term of Office: 25 July 1997 TO 25 July 2002
11. DR. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (b - 1931)
Term of Office: 25 July 2002 TO 25 July 2007
12. Smt. Pratibha Devisingh Patil
Term of Office: July 25, 2007 To Present
Term of Office: 26 January 1950 TO 13 May 1962
2. Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan (1888-1975)
Term of Office: 13 May 1962 TO 13 May 1967
3. Dr. Zakir Husain (1897-1969)
Term of Office: 13 May 1967 TO 3 May 1969
4. Shri Varahagiri Venkata Giri (1894-1980)
Term of Office: 3 May 1969 TO 20 July 1969 and 24 August 1969 TO 24 August 1974
5. Dr. Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed (1905-1977)
Term of Office: 24 August 1974 TO 11 February 1977
6. SHRI NEELAM SANJIVA REDDY (1913-1996)
Term of Office: 25 July 1977 TO 25 July 1982
7. Giani Zail Singh (1916-1994)
Term of Office: 25 July 1982 TO 25 July 1987
8. Shri R Venkataraman (1910-2009)
Term of Office: 25 July 1987 TO 25 July 1992
9. Dr Shankar Dayal Sharma (1918-1999)
Term of Office: 25 July 1992 TO 25 July 1997
10. Shri K. R. Narayanan (1920-2005)
Term of Office: 25 July 1997 TO 25 July 2002
11. DR. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (b - 1931)
Term of Office: 25 July 2002 TO 25 July 2007
12. Smt. Pratibha Devisingh Patil
Term of Office: July 25, 2007 To Present
Libraries
Under the Delivery of Books and News Papers (Public Libraries) Act, 1954, four libraries are entitled to receive a copy of new books and magazines published in the country. These are the National Library, Kolkata; State Central Library, Mumbai; Connemara Public Library, Chennai and Delhi Public Library, Delhi.
List of Tiger Reseves in India
Assam... Kaziranga, Manas, Nameri
Arunachal Pradesh...Namdapha, Pakui
Andhra Pradesh...Nagarjuna Sagar-Srisailam
Bihar...Valmiki
Chhattisgarh...Indravati
Jharkhand...Palamau
Karnataka...Bandipur Nagarhole(ext.), Bhadra
Kerala...Periyar
Madhya Pradesh...Bandhavgarh, Bori-Satpura, Kanha, Panna, Pench
Maharashtra...Melghat, Pench, Tadoba-Andheri
Mizoram...Dampa
Orissa...Simlipal
Rajasthan...Ranthambhore, Sariska
Tamil Nadu...Kalakad-Mundanthurai
Uttar Pradesh...Dudhwa Katerniaghat(ext.)
Uttarakhand...Corbett
West Bengal...Buxa, Sunderbans
Arunachal Pradesh...Namdapha, Pakui
Andhra Pradesh...Nagarjuna Sagar-Srisailam
Bihar...Valmiki
Chhattisgarh...Indravati
Jharkhand...Palamau
Karnataka...Bandipur Nagarhole(ext.), Bhadra
Kerala...Periyar
Madhya Pradesh...Bandhavgarh, Bori-Satpura, Kanha, Panna, Pench
Maharashtra...Melghat, Pench, Tadoba-Andheri
Mizoram...Dampa
Orissa...Simlipal
Rajasthan...Ranthambhore, Sariska
Tamil Nadu...Kalakad-Mundanthurai
Uttar Pradesh...Dudhwa Katerniaghat(ext.)
Uttarakhand...Corbett
West Bengal...Buxa, Sunderbans
Current Affairs July 2009
1. In tennis, Roger Federer wins the men's singles title at the 2009 Wimbledon Championships, surpassing Pete Sampras' Grand Slam record.
2. In rugby union, South Africa win the 2009 Test series against the British and Irish Lions 2–1.
3. At least 156 people are killed and 1,080 others injured during riots in Ürümqi, People's Republic of China.
4. NSA to participate in U.S. cybersecurity.
5. Irish Nobel laureate released by Israel.
2. In rugby union, South Africa win the 2009 Test series against the British and Irish Lions 2–1.
3. At least 156 people are killed and 1,080 others injured during riots in Ürümqi, People's Republic of China.
4. NSA to participate in U.S. cybersecurity.
5. Irish Nobel laureate released by Israel.
Difference between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy
FRs : DPSPs
1. Negative obligation of the State. || 1. Positive obligation of the state.
2. Justiciable in court of Law. || 2. Non-Justiciable in Court of Law.
3. Foundation of political democracy. || Foundation of social and economic democracy.
1. Negative obligation of the State. || 1. Positive obligation of the state.
2. Justiciable in court of Law. || 2. Non-Justiciable in Court of Law.
3. Foundation of political democracy. || Foundation of social and economic democracy.
Do You Know About Indian Flag ?
Navin Jindal, the Vice Chairman of Jindal Group filed a PIL in the Delhi High Court Challenging the restrain on his right to fly the Flag.
Delhi High Court gave ruling that the flying of Tricolour is a Fundamental Right and the Supree Court subsequently recommended these to the Union Cabinet to relax the unduly stringent rules about flying the Tricolour.
Now, one can fly/hoist the flag under the guidlines of new flag code.
Delhi High Court gave ruling that the flying of Tricolour is a Fundamental Right and the Supree Court subsequently recommended these to the Union Cabinet to relax the unduly stringent rules about flying the Tricolour.
Now, one can fly/hoist the flag under the guidlines of new flag code.
The New Flag Code
One can hoist the flag only from sunrise to sunset.
The ratio of with to length of the flag should be 2:3.
Don't use the flag as a shroud for funerals.
Don't drop the Flag on vehicles.
Don't hoist it upside down. It must not touch the ground.
Must fly higher than all other flags except that of the UN or other nations.
Don't fly a damaged flag.
The amended code came into effect from January 26, 2003.
The ratio of with to length of the flag should be 2:3.
Don't use the flag as a shroud for funerals.
Don't drop the Flag on vehicles.
Don't hoist it upside down. It must not touch the ground.
Must fly higher than all other flags except that of the UN or other nations.
Don't fly a damaged flag.
The amended code came into effect from January 26, 2003.
Do You Know ?
that there are 6 unsolved mathematics problems whose solutions will earn you one million US dollars each?
that there are different sizes of infinite sets in set theory? More precisely, not all infinite cardinal numbers are equal?
that every natural number can be written as the sum of four squares?
that the largest known prime number is over 12 million digits long?
that the set of rational numbers is equal in size to the subset of integers; that is, they can be put in one-to-one correspondence?
that there are precisely six convex regular polytopes in four dimensions? These are analogs of the five Platonic solids known to the ancient Greeks.
that it is unknown whether π and e are algebraically independent?
that a nonconvex polygon with three convex vertices is called a pseudotriangle?
that it is possible for a three dimensional figure to have a finite volume but infinite surface area? An example of this is Gabriel's Horn.
that there are different sizes of infinite sets in set theory? More precisely, not all infinite cardinal numbers are equal?
that every natural number can be written as the sum of four squares?
that the largest known prime number is over 12 million digits long?
that the set of rational numbers is equal in size to the subset of integers; that is, they can be put in one-to-one correspondence?
that there are precisely six convex regular polytopes in four dimensions? These are analogs of the five Platonic solids known to the ancient Greeks.
that it is unknown whether π and e are algebraically independent?
that a nonconvex polygon with three convex vertices is called a pseudotriangle?
that it is possible for a three dimensional figure to have a finite volume but infinite surface area? An example of this is Gabriel's Horn.
Do You Know that there are 6 unsolved mathematics problems whose solutions will earn you one million US dollars each?
The Millennium Prize Problems are seven problems in mathematics that were stated by the Clay Mathematics Institute in 2000. Currently, six of the problems remain unsolved. A correct solution to each problem results in a US$1,000,000 prize (sometimes called a Millennium Prize) being awarded by the institute. Only the Poincaré conjecture has been solved, but the solver, Grigori Perelman, has not pursued the conditions necessary to claim the prize.
Know About "Bharat Ratna Award"
India has produced a legacy of brave hearts since times immemorial. Probably there is not enough space to measure their sacrifices. However, we cannot close our eyes to those people who have made our country proud by excelling in their own fields and bringing us international recognition. Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian honour, given for exceptional service towards advancement of Art, Literature and Science, and in recognition of Public Service of the highest order.
The original specifications for the award called for a circular gold medal, 35 mm in diameter, with the sun and the Hindi legend "Bharat Ratna" above and a floral wreath below. The reverse was to carry the state emblem and motto. It was to be worn around the neck from a white ribbon. This design was altered after a year.
The provision of Bharat Ratna was introduced in 1954. The first ever Indian to receive this award was the famous scientist, Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman. Since then, many dignitaries, each a whiz in varied aspects of their career has received this coveted award.
In fact, our former President, Shri A. P. J Abdul Kalam is also a recipient of this esteemed honour (1997). There is no written provision that Bharat Ratna should be awarded to Indian citizens only. The award has been awarded to a naturalized Indian citizen, Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu, better known as Mother Teresa (1980) and to two non-Indians – Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan and Nelson Mandela (1990). It is also not mandatory that Bharat Ratna be awarded every year. The last time this award was given was in 2001, to Lata Dinanath Mangeshkar and Ustad Bismillah Khan.
The original specifications for the award called for a circular gold medal, 35 mm in diameter, with the sun and the Hindi legend "Bharat Ratna" above and a floral wreath below. The reverse was to carry the state emblem and motto. It was to be worn around the neck from a white ribbon. This design was altered after a year.
The provision of Bharat Ratna was introduced in 1954. The first ever Indian to receive this award was the famous scientist, Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman. Since then, many dignitaries, each a whiz in varied aspects of their career has received this coveted award.
In fact, our former President, Shri A. P. J Abdul Kalam is also a recipient of this esteemed honour (1997). There is no written provision that Bharat Ratna should be awarded to Indian citizens only. The award has been awarded to a naturalized Indian citizen, Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu, better known as Mother Teresa (1980) and to two non-Indians – Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan and Nelson Mandela (1990). It is also not mandatory that Bharat Ratna be awarded every year. The last time this award was given was in 2001, to Lata Dinanath Mangeshkar and Ustad Bismillah Khan.
Interesting Facts about India (Part-2)
Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to mankind. The Father of Medicine, Charaka, consolidated Ayurveda 2500 years ago.
India was one of the richest countries till the time of British rule in the early 17th Century. Christopher Columbus, attracted by India's wealth, had come looking for a sea route to India when he discovered America by mistake.
The Art of Navigation & Navigating was born in the river Sindh over 6000 years ago. The very word Navigation is derived from the Sanskrit word 'NAVGATIH'. The word navy is also derived from the Sanskrit word 'Nou'.
Bhaskaracharya rightly calculated the time taken by the earth to orbit the Sun hundreds of years before the astronomer Smart. According to his calculation, the time taken by the Earth to orbit the Sun was 365.258756484 days.
The value of "pi" was first calculated by the Indian Mathematician Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is known as the Pythagorean Theorem. He discovered this in the 6th century, long before the European mathematicians.
Algebra, Trigonometry and Calculus also originated in India.Quadratic Equations were used by Sridharacharya in the 11th century. The largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Hindus used numbers as big as 10*53 (i.e. 10 to the power of 53) with specific names as early as 5000 B.C.during the Vedic period.Even today, the largest used number is Terra: 10*12(10 to the power of 12).
Until 1896, India was the only source of diamonds in the world
(Source: Gemological Institute of America).
The Baily Bridge is the highest bridge in the world. It is located in the Ladakh valley between the Dras and Suru rivers in the Himalayan mountains. It was built by the Indian Army in August 1982.
Sushruta is regarded as the Father of Surgery. Over2600 years ago Sushrata & his team conducted complicated surgeries like cataract, artificial limbs, cesareans, fractures, urinary stones, plastic surgery and brain surgeries.
Usage of anaesthesia was well known in ancient Indian medicine. Detailed knowledge of anatomy, embryology, digestion, metabolism,physiology, etiology, genetics and immunity is also found in many ancient Indian texts.
India exports software to 90 countries.
The four religions born in India - Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism, are followed by 25% of the world's population.
Jainism and Buddhism were founded in India in 600 B.C. and 500 B.C. respectively.
Islam is India's and the world's second largest religion.
There are 300,000 active mosques in India, more than in any other country, including the Muslim world.
The oldest European church and synagogue in India are in the city of Cochin. They were built in 1503 and 1568 respectively.
Jews and Christians have lived continuously in India since 200 B.C. and 52 A.D. respectively
The largest religious building in the world is Angkor Wat, a Hindu Temple in Cambodia built at the end of the 11th century.
The Vishnu Temple in the city of Tirupathi built in the 10th century, is the world's largest religious pilgrimage destination. Larger than either Rome or Mecca, an average of 30,000 visitors donate $6 million (US) to the temple everyday.
Sikhism originated in the Holy city of Amritsar in Punjab. Famous for housing the Golden Temple, the city was founded in 1577.
Varanasi, also known as Benaras, was called "the Ancient City" when Lord Buddha visited it in 500 B.C., and is the oldest, continuously inhabited city in the world today.
India provides safety for more than 300,000 refugees originally from Sri Lanka, Tibet, Bhutan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh, who escaped to flee religious and political persecution.
His Holiness, the Dalai Lama, the exiled spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhists, runs his government in exile from Dharmashala in northern India.
Martial Arts were first created in India, and later spread to Asia by Buddhist missionaries.
Yoga has its origins in India and has existed for over 5,000 years.
India was one of the richest countries till the time of British rule in the early 17th Century. Christopher Columbus, attracted by India's wealth, had come looking for a sea route to India when he discovered America by mistake.
The Art of Navigation & Navigating was born in the river Sindh over 6000 years ago. The very word Navigation is derived from the Sanskrit word 'NAVGATIH'. The word navy is also derived from the Sanskrit word 'Nou'.
Bhaskaracharya rightly calculated the time taken by the earth to orbit the Sun hundreds of years before the astronomer Smart. According to his calculation, the time taken by the Earth to orbit the Sun was 365.258756484 days.
The value of "pi" was first calculated by the Indian Mathematician Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is known as the Pythagorean Theorem. He discovered this in the 6th century, long before the European mathematicians.
Algebra, Trigonometry and Calculus also originated in India.Quadratic Equations were used by Sridharacharya in the 11th century. The largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Hindus used numbers as big as 10*53 (i.e. 10 to the power of 53) with specific names as early as 5000 B.C.during the Vedic period.Even today, the largest used number is Terra: 10*12(10 to the power of 12).
Until 1896, India was the only source of diamonds in the world
(Source: Gemological Institute of America).
The Baily Bridge is the highest bridge in the world. It is located in the Ladakh valley between the Dras and Suru rivers in the Himalayan mountains. It was built by the Indian Army in August 1982.
Sushruta is regarded as the Father of Surgery. Over2600 years ago Sushrata & his team conducted complicated surgeries like cataract, artificial limbs, cesareans, fractures, urinary stones, plastic surgery and brain surgeries.
Usage of anaesthesia was well known in ancient Indian medicine. Detailed knowledge of anatomy, embryology, digestion, metabolism,physiology, etiology, genetics and immunity is also found in many ancient Indian texts.
India exports software to 90 countries.
The four religions born in India - Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism, are followed by 25% of the world's population.
Jainism and Buddhism were founded in India in 600 B.C. and 500 B.C. respectively.
Islam is India's and the world's second largest religion.
There are 300,000 active mosques in India, more than in any other country, including the Muslim world.
The oldest European church and synagogue in India are in the city of Cochin. They were built in 1503 and 1568 respectively.
Jews and Christians have lived continuously in India since 200 B.C. and 52 A.D. respectively
The largest religious building in the world is Angkor Wat, a Hindu Temple in Cambodia built at the end of the 11th century.
The Vishnu Temple in the city of Tirupathi built in the 10th century, is the world's largest religious pilgrimage destination. Larger than either Rome or Mecca, an average of 30,000 visitors donate $6 million (US) to the temple everyday.
Sikhism originated in the Holy city of Amritsar in Punjab. Famous for housing the Golden Temple, the city was founded in 1577.
Varanasi, also known as Benaras, was called "the Ancient City" when Lord Buddha visited it in 500 B.C., and is the oldest, continuously inhabited city in the world today.
India provides safety for more than 300,000 refugees originally from Sri Lanka, Tibet, Bhutan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh, who escaped to flee religious and political persecution.
His Holiness, the Dalai Lama, the exiled spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhists, runs his government in exile from Dharmashala in northern India.
Martial Arts were first created in India, and later spread to Asia by Buddhist missionaries.
Yoga has its origins in India and has existed for over 5,000 years.
Interesting Facts about India (Part-1)
India never invaded any country in her last 100000 years of history.
When many cultures were only nomadic forest dwellers over 5000 years ago, Indians established Harappan culture in Sindhu Valley (Indus Valley Civilization)
The name 'India' is derived from the River Indus, the valleys around which were the home of the early settlers. The Aryan worshippers referred to the river Indus as the Sindhu.
The Persian invaders converted it into Hindu. The name 'Hindustan' combines Sindhu and Hindu and thus refers to the land of the Hindus.
Chess was invented in India.
Algebra, Trigonometry and Calculus are studies, which originated in India.
The 'Place Value System' and the 'Decimal System' were developed in India in 100 B.C.
The World's First Granite Temple is the Brihadeswara Temple at Tanjavur, Tamil Nadu.
The shikhara of the temple is made from a single 80-tonne piece of granite. This magnificent temple was built in just five years, (between 1004 AD and 1009 AD) during the reign of Rajaraja Chola.
India is the largest democracy in the world, the 6th largest Country in the world, and one of the most ancient civilizations.
The game of Snakes & Ladders was created by the 13th century poet saint Gyandev. It was originally called 'Mokshapat'. The ladders in the game represented virtues and the snakes indicated vices. The game was played with cowrie shells and dices. In time, the game underwent several modifications, but its meaning remained the same, i.e. good deeds take people to heaven and evil to a cycle of re-births.
The world's highest cricket ground is in Chail, Himachal Pradesh. Built in 1893 after leveling a hilltop, this cricket pitch is 2444 meters above sea level.
India has the largest number of Post Offices in the world.
The largest employer in the world is the Indian Railways, employing over a million people.
The world's first university was established in Takshila in 700 BC. More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda built in the 4th century was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.
When many cultures were only nomadic forest dwellers over 5000 years ago, Indians established Harappan culture in Sindhu Valley (Indus Valley Civilization)
The name 'India' is derived from the River Indus, the valleys around which were the home of the early settlers. The Aryan worshippers referred to the river Indus as the Sindhu.
The Persian invaders converted it into Hindu. The name 'Hindustan' combines Sindhu and Hindu and thus refers to the land of the Hindus.
Chess was invented in India.
Algebra, Trigonometry and Calculus are studies, which originated in India.
The 'Place Value System' and the 'Decimal System' were developed in India in 100 B.C.
The World's First Granite Temple is the Brihadeswara Temple at Tanjavur, Tamil Nadu.
The shikhara of the temple is made from a single 80-tonne piece of granite. This magnificent temple was built in just five years, (between 1004 AD and 1009 AD) during the reign of Rajaraja Chola.
India is the largest democracy in the world, the 6th largest Country in the world, and one of the most ancient civilizations.
The game of Snakes & Ladders was created by the 13th century poet saint Gyandev. It was originally called 'Mokshapat'. The ladders in the game represented virtues and the snakes indicated vices. The game was played with cowrie shells and dices. In time, the game underwent several modifications, but its meaning remained the same, i.e. good deeds take people to heaven and evil to a cycle of re-births.
The world's highest cricket ground is in Chail, Himachal Pradesh. Built in 1893 after leveling a hilltop, this cricket pitch is 2444 meters above sea level.
India has the largest number of Post Offices in the world.
The largest employer in the world is the Indian Railways, employing over a million people.
The world's first university was established in Takshila in 700 BC. More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda built in the 4th century was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.
Chief Ministers (On 08.07.2009)
Andhra Pradesh: Dr. Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy
Arunachal Pradesh: Shri Dorjee Khandu
Assam: Shri Tarun Gogoi
Bihar: Shri Nitish Kumar
Chhattisgarh: Dr. Raman Singh
Delhi: Smt Sheila Dikshit
Goa: Shri Digambar Kamat
Gujarat: Shri Narendra Modi
Haryana: Shri Bhupinder Singh Hooda
Himachal Pradesh: Prof. Prem Kumar Dhumal
Jammu and Kashmir: Omar Abdullah
Karnataka: Shri B. S. Yeddyurappa
Kerala: Shri V. S. Achuthanandan
Madhya Pradesh: Shri Shivraj Singh Chouhan
Maharashtra: Shri Ashok Chavan
Manipur: Shri Okram Ibobi Singh
Meghalaya: Dr. Dethwelson Lapang
Mizoram: Shri Lalthanhawla
Nagaland: Shri Neiphiu Rio
Orissa: Shri Naveen Patnaik
Puducherry: Thiru. V. Vaithilingam
Punjab: Shri Parkash Singh Badal
Rajasthan: Shri Ashok Gehlot
Sikkim: Shri Pawan Chamling
Tamil Nadu: Kalaignar M. Karunanidhi
Tripura: Shri Manik Sarkar
Uttar Pradesh: Kumari Mayawati
Uttarakhand: Shri Ramesh Pokhriyal
West Bengal: Shri Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee
Arunachal Pradesh: Shri Dorjee Khandu
Assam: Shri Tarun Gogoi
Bihar: Shri Nitish Kumar
Chhattisgarh: Dr. Raman Singh
Delhi: Smt Sheila Dikshit
Goa: Shri Digambar Kamat
Gujarat: Shri Narendra Modi
Haryana: Shri Bhupinder Singh Hooda
Himachal Pradesh: Prof. Prem Kumar Dhumal
Jammu and Kashmir: Omar Abdullah
Karnataka: Shri B. S. Yeddyurappa
Kerala: Shri V. S. Achuthanandan
Madhya Pradesh: Shri Shivraj Singh Chouhan
Maharashtra: Shri Ashok Chavan
Manipur: Shri Okram Ibobi Singh
Meghalaya: Dr. Dethwelson Lapang
Mizoram: Shri Lalthanhawla
Nagaland: Shri Neiphiu Rio
Orissa: Shri Naveen Patnaik
Puducherry: Thiru. V. Vaithilingam
Punjab: Shri Parkash Singh Badal
Rajasthan: Shri Ashok Gehlot
Sikkim: Shri Pawan Chamling
Tamil Nadu: Kalaignar M. Karunanidhi
Tripura: Shri Manik Sarkar
Uttar Pradesh: Kumari Mayawati
Uttarakhand: Shri Ramesh Pokhriyal
West Bengal: Shri Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee
World Heritage Properties in India
There are 27 World Heritage Properties in India out of which 22 are Cultural Properties and 5 are Natural Properties.
Cultural Sites :
Ajanta Caves
Ellora Caves
Agra - Fort
Agra - Taj Mahal
Konark - Sun Temple
Mahabalipuram
Churches of Old Goa
Khajuraho
Hampi
Fatehpur Sikri
Pattadakal
Elephanta Caves
Great Living Chola Temples
Sanchi
Humayun's Tomb
Qutb Minar
Mahabodhi Temple
Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka
Champaner
Mountain Railway of India
Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus
Red Fort, Delhi
Natural Sites :
Kaziranga National Park
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary
Keoladeo National Park
Sunderbans National Park
Nanda Devi & Valley of Flowers
Cultural Sites :
Ajanta Caves
Ellora Caves
Agra - Fort
Agra - Taj Mahal
Konark - Sun Temple
Mahabalipuram
Churches of Old Goa
Khajuraho
Hampi
Fatehpur Sikri
Pattadakal
Elephanta Caves
Great Living Chola Temples
Sanchi
Humayun's Tomb
Qutb Minar
Mahabodhi Temple
Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka
Champaner
Mountain Railway of India
Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus
Red Fort, Delhi
Natural Sites :
Kaziranga National Park
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary
Keoladeo National Park
Sunderbans National Park
Nanda Devi & Valley of Flowers
THE RED FORT, DELHI IN THE WORLD HERITAGE LIST -2007
The World Heritage Committee in its meeting held on 23rd to 27th June, 2007 at Christchurch, New Zealand has accepted the nomination of the Red Fort Complex, Delhi for inscription in the World Heritage List. The monument was earlier referred for inscription on World Heritage List in the year 1992 but was deferred due to multi-administrative control of the Red Fort. The nomination was submitted by the ASI to the UNESCO in 2006 after it was vacated by the Indian Army in December, 2003.
The Red Fort World Heritage Site shall constitute the Red Fort and Salimgarh Fort, both. While the Salimgarh Fort was built by Islam Shah Suri in 1546 A.D., the Red Fort and the city of Shahjahanabad was constructed by the Emperor Shahjahan in 1639 A.D.
The Red Fort World Heritage Site shall constitute the Red Fort and Salimgarh Fort, both. While the Salimgarh Fort was built by Islam Shah Suri in 1546 A.D., the Red Fort and the city of Shahjahanabad was constructed by the Emperor Shahjahan in 1639 A.D.
Evolution of the Indian Tricolour
The first national flag in India is said to have been hoisted on August 7, 1906, in the Parsee Bagan Square (Green Park) in Calcutta now Kolkata. The flag was composed of three horizontal strips of red, yellow and green.
The second flag was hoisted in Paris by Madame Cama and her band of exiled revolutionaries in 1907 (according to some inl9OS). This was very similar to the first flag except that the top strip had only one lotus but seven stars denoting the Saptarishi. This flag was also exhibited at a socialist conference in Berlin.
The third flag went up in 1917 when our political struggle had taken a definite turn. Dr. Annie Besant and Lokmanya Tilak hoisted it during the Home rule movement. This flag had five red and four green horizontal strips arranged alternately, with seven stars in the saptarishi configuration super-imposed on them. In the left-hand top corner (the pole end) was the Union Jack. There was also a white crescent and star in one corner.
During the session of the All India Congress Committee which met at Bezwada in 1921 (now Vijayawada) an Andhra youth prepared a flag and took it to Gandhiji. It was made up of two colours-red and green-representing the two major communities i.e. Hindus and Muslims. Gandhiji suggested the addition of a white strip to represent the remaining communities of India and the spinning wheel to symbolise progress of the Nation.
The year 1931 was a landmark in the history of the flag. A resolution was passed adopting a tricolor flag as our national flag. This flag, the forbear of the present one, was saffron, white and green with Mahatma Gandhi's spinning wheel at the center. It was, however, clearly stated that it bore no communal significance and was to be interpreted thus.
On July 22, 1947, the Constituent Assembly adopted it as Free India National Flag. After the advent of Independence, the colours and their significance remained the same. Only the Dharma Charkha of Emperor Asoka was adopted in place of the spinning wheel as the emblem on the flag. Thus, the tricolour flag of the Congress Party eventually became the tricolour flag of Independent India.
The second flag was hoisted in Paris by Madame Cama and her band of exiled revolutionaries in 1907 (according to some inl9OS). This was very similar to the first flag except that the top strip had only one lotus but seven stars denoting the Saptarishi. This flag was also exhibited at a socialist conference in Berlin.
The third flag went up in 1917 when our political struggle had taken a definite turn. Dr. Annie Besant and Lokmanya Tilak hoisted it during the Home rule movement. This flag had five red and four green horizontal strips arranged alternately, with seven stars in the saptarishi configuration super-imposed on them. In the left-hand top corner (the pole end) was the Union Jack. There was also a white crescent and star in one corner.
During the session of the All India Congress Committee which met at Bezwada in 1921 (now Vijayawada) an Andhra youth prepared a flag and took it to Gandhiji. It was made up of two colours-red and green-representing the two major communities i.e. Hindus and Muslims. Gandhiji suggested the addition of a white strip to represent the remaining communities of India and the spinning wheel to symbolise progress of the Nation.
The year 1931 was a landmark in the history of the flag. A resolution was passed adopting a tricolor flag as our national flag. This flag, the forbear of the present one, was saffron, white and green with Mahatma Gandhi's spinning wheel at the center. It was, however, clearly stated that it bore no communal significance and was to be interpreted thus.
On July 22, 1947, the Constituent Assembly adopted it as Free India National Flag. After the advent of Independence, the colours and their significance remained the same. Only the Dharma Charkha of Emperor Asoka was adopted in place of the spinning wheel as the emblem on the flag. Thus, the tricolour flag of the Congress Party eventually became the tricolour flag of Independent India.
High Courts of India
1.Allahabad High Court
2.Andhra Pradesh High court
3.Bombay High Court
4.Calcutta High Court
5.Chhattisgarh High Court
6.Delhi High Court
7.Gauhati High Court
8.Gujarat High Court
9.High Court of Bombay at Goa
10.Himachal Pradesh High Court
11.Jammu and Kashmir High Court
12.Jharkhand High Court
13.Karnataka High Court
14.Kerala High Court
15.Madhya Pradesh High Court
16.Madras High Court
17.Orissa High Court
18.Patna High Court
19.Punjab and Haryana High Court
20.Rajasthan High Court
21.Sikkim High Court
2.Andhra Pradesh High court
3.Bombay High Court
4.Calcutta High Court
5.Chhattisgarh High Court
6.Delhi High Court
7.Gauhati High Court
8.Gujarat High Court
9.High Court of Bombay at Goa
10.Himachal Pradesh High Court
11.Jammu and Kashmir High Court
12.Jharkhand High Court
13.Karnataka High Court
14.Kerala High Court
15.Madhya Pradesh High Court
16.Madras High Court
17.Orissa High Court
18.Patna High Court
19.Punjab and Haryana High Court
20.Rajasthan High Court
21.Sikkim High Court
Districts of Uttar Pradesh
Agra
Aligarh
Allahabad
Ambedkar Nagar
Auraiya
Azamgarh
Bagpat
Bahraich
Ballia
Balrampur
Banda
Barabanki
Bareilly
Basti
Bijnor
Budaun
Bulandshahar
Chandauli
Chitrakoot
Deoria
Etah
Etawah
Faizabad
Farrukhabad
Fatehpur
Firozabad
Gautam Buddha Nagar
Ghaziabad
Ghazipur
Gonda
Gorakhpur
Hamirpur
Hardoi
Hathras
Jalaun
Jaunpur
Jhansi
Jyotiba Phule Nagar
Kannauj
Kanpur Dehat
Kanpur Nagar
Kaushambi
Kheri
Kushinagar
Lalitpur
Lucknow
Maharajganj
Mahoba
Mainpuri
Mathura
Mau
Meerut
Mirzapur
Moradabad
Muzaffarnagar
Pilibhit
Pratapgarh
RaeBareli
Rampur
Saharanpur
Sant Kabir Nagar
Sant Ravidas Nagar
Shahjahanpur
Shravasti
Siddharthnagar
Sitapur
Sonbhadra
Sultanpur
Unnao
Aligarh
Allahabad
Ambedkar Nagar
Auraiya
Azamgarh
Bagpat
Bahraich
Ballia
Balrampur
Banda
Barabanki
Bareilly
Basti
Bijnor
Budaun
Bulandshahar
Chandauli
Chitrakoot
Deoria
Etah
Etawah
Faizabad
Farrukhabad
Fatehpur
Firozabad
Gautam Buddha Nagar
Ghaziabad
Ghazipur
Gonda
Gorakhpur
Hamirpur
Hardoi
Hathras
Jalaun
Jaunpur
Jhansi
Jyotiba Phule Nagar
Kannauj
Kanpur Dehat
Kanpur Nagar
Kaushambi
Kheri
Kushinagar
Lalitpur
Lucknow
Maharajganj
Mahoba
Mainpuri
Mathura
Mau
Meerut
Mirzapur
Moradabad
Muzaffarnagar
Pilibhit
Pratapgarh
RaeBareli
Rampur
Saharanpur
Sant Kabir Nagar
Sant Ravidas Nagar
Shahjahanpur
Shravasti
Siddharthnagar
Sitapur
Sonbhadra
Sultanpur
Unnao
Union Territories of India
1.Andaman and Nicobar Islands
2.Chandigarh
3.Delhi
4.Dadra and Nagar Haveli
5.Daman and Diu
6.Lakshadweep
7.Puducherry
2.Chandigarh
3.Delhi
4.Dadra and Nagar Haveli
5.Daman and Diu
6.Lakshadweep
7.Puducherry
States of India
1.Andhra Pradesh
2.Arunachal Pradesh
3.Assam
4.Bihar
5.Chhattisgarh
6.Goa
7.Gujarat
8.Haryana
9.Himachal Pradesh
10.Jammu and Kashmir
11.Jharkhand
12.Karnataka
13.Kerala
14.Madhya Pradesh
15.Maharashtra
16.Manipur
17.Meghalaya
18.Mizoram
19.Nagaland
20.Orissa
21.Punjab
22.Rajasthan
23.Sikkim
24.Tamil Nadu
25.Tripura
26.Uttarakhand
27.Uttar Pradesh
28.West Bengal
2.Arunachal Pradesh
3.Assam
4.Bihar
5.Chhattisgarh
6.Goa
7.Gujarat
8.Haryana
9.Himachal Pradesh
10.Jammu and Kashmir
11.Jharkhand
12.Karnataka
13.Kerala
14.Madhya Pradesh
15.Maharashtra
16.Manipur
17.Meghalaya
18.Mizoram
19.Nagaland
20.Orissa
21.Punjab
22.Rajasthan
23.Sikkim
24.Tamil Nadu
25.Tripura
26.Uttarakhand
27.Uttar Pradesh
28.West Bengal
All India Radio
Radio Broadcasting started in India in the early 1920's. The first programme was broadcast in 1923 by the Radio club of Bombay. This was followed by setting up Broadcasting Services in 1927 with two privately-owned transmitters at Bombay and Calcutta.
The Government took over the transmitters in 1930 and started operating them under the name of Indian Broadcasting Service. It was changed to All India Radio (AIR) in 1936 and it came to be known as Akashvani from 1957.
The Government took over the transmitters in 1930 and started operating them under the name of Indian Broadcasting Service. It was changed to All India Radio (AIR) in 1936 and it came to be known as Akashvani from 1957.
Know About Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent.It is located chiefly in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.6% of the Earth's total surface area (or 29.9% of its land area) and with approximately 4 billion people. It accounts for 60% of the world's current human population.
Central Asia :
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
Eastern Asia:
China
Hong Kong
Macau
Japan
Taiwan
North Korea
South Korea
Mongolia
Northern Asia:
Russia
Southeastern Asia :
Brunei
Burma (Myanmar)
Cambodia
East Timor (Timor-Leste)
Indonesia
Laos
Malaysia
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Vietnam
Southern Asia:
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Iran
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia:
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Gaza
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
Turkey
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Central Asia :
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
Eastern Asia:
China
Hong Kong
Macau
Japan
Taiwan
North Korea
South Korea
Mongolia
Northern Asia:
Russia
Southeastern Asia :
Brunei
Burma (Myanmar)
Cambodia
East Timor (Timor-Leste)
Indonesia
Laos
Malaysia
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Vietnam
Southern Asia:
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Iran
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia:
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Gaza
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
Turkey
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Capital of some South East Asian Countries
Vietnam : Hanoi
Laos : Vientiane
Cambodia : Phnom Penh
Thailand : Bangkok
Myanmar : Yangon
Malaysia : Kuala Lumpur
Philippines : Manila
Indonesia : Jakarta
East Timor : Dili
Laos : Vientiane
Cambodia : Phnom Penh
Thailand : Bangkok
Myanmar : Yangon
Malaysia : Kuala Lumpur
Philippines : Manila
Indonesia : Jakarta
East Timor : Dili
Do you know about Asia ?
Myanmar is called Land of Mountains and Rivers.
Myanmar is famous for beautiful Buddhist temple called Pagodas and Myanmar is known as Land of Golden Pagodas.
Pakistan is called Country of Canals.
Bangladesh is called Country of Rivers and Distributaries.
Bhutan is called the Land of Thunder Dragons.
Japan is called Land of Rising Sun.
Thailand is called Land of White Elephants.
Myanmar is famous for beautiful Buddhist temple called Pagodas and Myanmar is known as Land of Golden Pagodas.
Pakistan is called Country of Canals.
Bangladesh is called Country of Rivers and Distributaries.
Bhutan is called the Land of Thunder Dragons.
Japan is called Land of Rising Sun.
Thailand is called Land of White Elephants.
Important Rivers
Danube : It is the longest river of Europe.
Po and Tiber : These two flow in Italy. Venice is situated on Po and Rome is situated on Tiber.
Rhine : It orginates in Alps and is the busiest inland waterway of Europe. It drains into North Sea.
Seine : It flows in France and drains into English Channel.
Rhone : It flows in France and is another important river orginating near origin of Rhine, but flows in opposite direction and drains into Mediterranean Sea.
Rhine and Rhone are inter-connected by a canal to make navigation possible.
Po and Tiber : These two flow in Italy. Venice is situated on Po and Rome is situated on Tiber.
Rhine : It orginates in Alps and is the busiest inland waterway of Europe. It drains into North Sea.
Seine : It flows in France and drains into English Channel.
Rhone : It flows in France and is another important river orginating near origin of Rhine, but flows in opposite direction and drains into Mediterranean Sea.
Rhine and Rhone are inter-connected by a canal to make navigation possible.
Important Gulf and Bays
Gulf of Bothnia : Sweden and Finland
English Channel : Britain and France
Gulf of Lions : South of France
Bay of Biscay : France and Spain
English Channel : Britain and France
Gulf of Lions : South of France
Bay of Biscay : France and Spain
Do you really Know ?
Canada is the laggest producer of newprint in the world.
The largest deposits of zinc and lead in the world are found in British Columbia.
The United States of America is the second largest producer of natural gas in the world.
Gold is found mainly in Ontario, which has the largest gold min in the world.
Lake superior is the leading producer of high grade iron ore in North America.
The largest deposits of zinc and lead in the world are found in British Columbia.
The United States of America is the second largest producer of natural gas in the world.
Gold is found mainly in Ontario, which has the largest gold min in the world.
Lake superior is the leading producer of high grade iron ore in North America.
Important Lakes
Five Great Lakes :
1. Lake Superior (largest among all five).
2. Lake Michigan.
3. Lake Huron.
4. Lake Erie.
5. Lake Ontario.
1. Lake Superior (largest among all five).
2. Lake Michigan.
3. Lake Huron.
4. Lake Erie.
5. Lake Ontario.
Tuesday, July 07, 2009
Do You Know this ?
About world's half maize is grown in North America and it is called corn.
North America produces 1/5th of the world's wheat. Prairies of USA are very famous for wheat.
USA is 76% urbanised.
New York is called city of skyscrapers.
Kennedy International Airport (New York) of USA is busiest air port of the world.
North America produces 1/5th of the world's wheat. Prairies of USA are very famous for wheat.
USA is 76% urbanised.
New York is called city of skyscrapers.
Kennedy International Airport (New York) of USA is busiest air port of the world.
Tallest Waterfalls
Waterfall : Location : Height(in mts.)
Angel : Venezuela : 979
Tugela : Natal, South Africa : 948
Tres Hermanas : Peru : 914
Oloupena : Hawaii, USA : 900
Vinnufossen : Norway : 860
Balaifossen : Norway : 850
Puukaoku : Hawaii, USA : 840
James Bruce : British Columbia, Canada : 840
Browne : South Island, New Zealand : 836
Strupenfossen : Norway : 820
Angel : Venezuela : 979
Tugela : Natal, South Africa : 948
Tres Hermanas : Peru : 914
Oloupena : Hawaii, USA : 900
Vinnufossen : Norway : 860
Balaifossen : Norway : 850
Puukaoku : Hawaii, USA : 840
James Bruce : British Columbia, Canada : 840
Browne : South Island, New Zealand : 836
Strupenfossen : Norway : 820
Do You Know ?
Highest capital city is La Paz(Bolvia).
Highest town is Wenchuan(Tibet).
Most densely populated city is Monaco.
Maitri and Dakshin Gangotri are reasearch stations of India at Antarctica.
Smallest republic in Nauru.
Highest town is Wenchuan(Tibet).
Most densely populated city is Monaco.
Maitri and Dakshin Gangotri are reasearch stations of India at Antarctica.
Smallest republic in Nauru.
Major Language of the World
1. Mandarin(Chinese)
2. Hindi
3. English
4. Spanish
5. Bangla
6. Arabic
7. Portugese
8. Russian
9. Japanese
10. German
2. Hindi
3. English
4. Spanish
5. Bangla
6. Arabic
7. Portugese
8. Russian
9. Japanese
10. German
Largest Deserts of the World
Sahara Desert : Africa
Great Australian Desert : Australia
Arabian Desert : Asia
Gobi Desert(Cold Desert) : China
Kalahari Desert : Southern Africa
Great Australian Desert : Australia
Arabian Desert : Asia
Gobi Desert(Cold Desert) : China
Kalahari Desert : Southern Africa
Largest Islands of the World
Greenland : Arctic Ocean
New Guinea : West Pacific Ocean
Borneo : West Pacific Ocean
Madagascar : Indian Ocean
New Guinea : West Pacific Ocean
Borneo : West Pacific Ocean
Madagascar : Indian Ocean
Highest Mountain Peaks of the World
Name : Height(in mts.) : Country
Mount Everest : 8,848 : Nepal
K-2(Godwin Austin) : 8,610 : India
Kanchenjunga : 8,597 : India
Lhotse : 8,511 : Nepal
Makalu : 8,481 : Nepal
Dhaulagiri : 8,167 : Nepal
Manasalu : 8,156 : Nepal
Choyu : 8,153 : Nepal
Nanga Parbal : 8,125 : India
Annapurna : 8,091 : Nepal
Mount Everest : 8,848 : Nepal
K-2(Godwin Austin) : 8,610 : India
Kanchenjunga : 8,597 : India
Lhotse : 8,511 : Nepal
Makalu : 8,481 : Nepal
Dhaulagiri : 8,167 : Nepal
Manasalu : 8,156 : Nepal
Choyu : 8,153 : Nepal
Nanga Parbal : 8,125 : India
Annapurna : 8,091 : Nepal
Country Symbols
Country : Symbol
India : Royal Bengal Tiger
China : Dragon
Russia : Brown Bear
USA : Bald Eagle
Spain : Red Carnation
Japan : Cherry Blossom
England : Rose
Australia : Golden Wattle Flower
South Africa : Blue Crane
Denmark : Beach Tree
Colombia : Orchid
Canada : Maple Leaf
Greece : Olive Branch
India : Royal Bengal Tiger
China : Dragon
Russia : Brown Bear
USA : Bald Eagle
Spain : Red Carnation
Japan : Cherry Blossom
England : Rose
Australia : Golden Wattle Flower
South Africa : Blue Crane
Denmark : Beach Tree
Colombia : Orchid
Canada : Maple Leaf
Greece : Olive Branch
Significance of Signs and Symbols
Symbol : Meaning
Red triangle : Family Planning
Red cross : Hospital/Ambulance
Red light : Danger/Emergency
Green Light : Line clear signal
Olive branch : Peace
Black Flag : Demonstration of protes
Dove : Peace
Black Flag : Demonstration of protest
Red Flag : Sign of danger, revolution
Yellow Flag : Displayed by ship with infectious disease on board or ship in quarantine
White Flag : Truce
Tricolour : National Flag of India
Union Jack : National Flag of UK
Lotus : Culture and civilization
Wheel : Progress
Flag flown half mast : National mourning
Flag flown upside down : Distress
A blind-folded woman holding a balance : Justice
Red triangle : Family Planning
Red cross : Hospital/Ambulance
Red light : Danger/Emergency
Green Light : Line clear signal
Olive branch : Peace
Black Flag : Demonstration of protes
Dove : Peace
Black Flag : Demonstration of protest
Red Flag : Sign of danger, revolution
Yellow Flag : Displayed by ship with infectious disease on board or ship in quarantine
White Flag : Truce
Tricolour : National Flag of India
Union Jack : National Flag of UK
Lotus : Culture and civilization
Wheel : Progress
Flag flown half mast : National mourning
Flag flown upside down : Distress
A blind-folded woman holding a balance : Justice
National Emblems
Country : Emblem
India : Sarnath Lion Capital
Australia : Kangaroo
Bangladesh : Water Lily
Canada : White Lily
Debmark : Beach
France : Lily
Germany : Corn Flower
Iran : Rose
Ireland : Sham Rock
Italy : White Lily
Japan : Chrysanthemum
Pakistan : Crescent
Spain : Eagle
Sri Lanka : Sword & Lion
Russia : Sickle and Hammer
United Kingdom : Rose
USA : Golden Rod
New Zealand : Silver Fern
India : Sarnath Lion Capital
Australia : Kangaroo
Bangladesh : Water Lily
Canada : White Lily
Debmark : Beach
France : Lily
Germany : Corn Flower
Iran : Rose
Ireland : Sham Rock
Italy : White Lily
Japan : Chrysanthemum
Pakistan : Crescent
Spain : Eagle
Sri Lanka : Sword & Lion
Russia : Sickle and Hammer
United Kingdom : Rose
USA : Golden Rod
New Zealand : Silver Fern
Official Publication of Different Countries/Organisations
Publication======Issued/Released By
Blue Book.....Report by the British Government
Green Book....Government of Italy and Iran
Grey Book.....Japanese and Belgium Government
Orange Book...Government of the Netherlands
White Book....Official publication of Germany, Portugal and China
White Paper(Shwet Patrika)...Issued by the Government of India
Yellow Book...Issued by the Government of France
Economic Survey...Ministry of Finance(Government of India)
Report on Currency and Finance...Reserve Bank of India
Wholesale Price Index...Ministry of Industry
National Accounts Statistics...Central Statistical Organisation
Blue Book.....Report by the British Government
Green Book....Government of Italy and Iran
Grey Book.....Japanese and Belgium Government
Orange Book...Government of the Netherlands
White Book....Official publication of Germany, Portugal and China
White Paper(Shwet Patrika)...Issued by the Government of India
Yellow Book...Issued by the Government of France
Economic Survey...Ministry of Finance(Government of India)
Report on Currency and Finance...Reserve Bank of India
Wholesale Price Index...Ministry of Industry
National Accounts Statistics...Central Statistical Organisation
National Animal and IndianNational Symbols
The Tiger(Panthera Tigris) is the National Animal of India. It has a thick yellow coat of fur with dark stripes.
Lion was the National Animal of India till 1972. Later on, itwas replaced by Tiger.
National Bird : Peacock
National Flower : Lotus
National Tree : Banyan
National Fruit : Mango
National Game: Hockey
National River : Ganga
Lion was the National Animal of India till 1972. Later on, itwas replaced by Tiger.
National Bird : Peacock
National Flower : Lotus
National Tree : Banyan
National Fruit : Mango
National Game: Hockey
National River : Ganga
National Calender
National Calender is based on Saka Era(began on 78 A.D.) with Chaitra as its first month and Phalguna as its last month with a normal year of 365 days adopted from march 22, 1957 along with Gregorian Calender.
Chaitra 1, falls on March 22 normally and on March 21 in leap year.
Chaitra 1, falls on March 22 normally and on March 21 in leap year.
National Song
"Vande Matram" is the National Song of India, which was composed by Bankim Chandra Chatterji, Orginally in Sanskrit.
It was adopted on January 24, 1950, providing it equal status with National Anthem Jana gana mana.
It is taken from his novel Anand Math published in 1882. Its English translation was done by Sri Aurobindo.
It was sung for the first time at the Congress Session of 1896.
It was adopted on January 24, 1950, providing it equal status with National Anthem Jana gana mana.
It is taken from his novel Anand Math published in 1882. Its English translation was done by Sri Aurobindo.
It was sung for the first time at the Congress Session of 1896.
National Anthem
The song Jana gana mana is the National Anthem of India which, was composed originally in Bengali.
It was adopted by Constituent Assembly on January 24, 1950 in its Hindi version.
The song Jana gana mana was first published in January, 1912 under the title 'Bharat Vidhata' in Tattva Bodhini Patrika.
The song was translated in English in 1919 with the title "Morning song of India".
It was first sung at the Calcutta Session of Congress on December 27, 1911.
Playing time of full version of National Anthem is 52 seconds while it is 20 seconds for first and last line of the stanza.
It was adopted by Constituent Assembly on January 24, 1950 in its Hindi version.
The song Jana gana mana was first published in January, 1912 under the title 'Bharat Vidhata' in Tattva Bodhini Patrika.
The song was translated in English in 1919 with the title "Morning song of India".
It was first sung at the Calcutta Session of Congress on December 27, 1911.
Playing time of full version of National Anthem is 52 seconds while it is 20 seconds for first and last line of the stanza.
National Emblem
It is adopted from the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka on January 26, 1950.
In this emblem, only three lions are visible, the fourth lion being hidden from view. The wheel appears in relief in the centre of the abacus with a bull on right and horse on left. The bell shaped lotus (as in the orginal) has been omitted.
The words Satyameva Jayate are inscribed below the abacus in Devanagri script. These words are taken from Mundaka Upanishad.
In this emblem, only three lions are visible, the fourth lion being hidden from view. The wheel appears in relief in the centre of the abacus with a bull on right and horse on left. The bell shaped lotus (as in the orginal) has been omitted.
The words Satyameva Jayate are inscribed below the abacus in Devanagri script. These words are taken from Mundaka Upanishad.
National Flag
- It was adopted by Constituent Assembly of India on July 22, 1947.
- A tricolour flag was first accepted by the Indian National Congress in 1931, having Charkha in place of todays's Chakra.
- It is a horizontal tricolour of deep Saffron at top (Stands for courage, sacrifice and renunciation), White at middle(Shows truth and purity in thoughts), dark green at the bottom (Symbol of life abundance and prosperity). A Wheel(Chakra) in centre of the white strip is the symbol of progress and movement.
- Supreme Court declared the right to hoist flag as a Fundamental Right under Article 19(i)(a) of the Constitution in 2002.
Monday, July 06, 2009
Fastest Hundred in One-Day International Cricket
1. Shahid Afridi : 102 Runs in 37 balls against Sri Lanka in Nairobi on 4.10.96
2. MV Boucher : 147* Runs in 44 balls against Zimbabwe in Potchefstroom on 20.9.063.
3. BC Lara : 117 Runs in 45 balls against Bangladesh in Dhaka on 9.10.994.
4. Shahid Afridi : 102 Runs in 45 balls against India in Kanpur on 15.4.055.
5. ST Jayasuriya : 134 runs in 48 balls against Pakistan in Singapore on 2.4.966.
6. ST Jayasuriya : 130 runs in 55 balls against Bangladesh in Karanchi on 30.6.087.
7. Virender Sehwag : 125* runs in 60 balls against New Zealand in Hamilton on 11.3.098.
8. M Azharuddin : 108 runs in 62 balls against New Zealand in Baroda on 17.12.88
2. MV Boucher : 147* Runs in 44 balls against Zimbabwe in Potchefstroom on 20.9.063.
3. BC Lara : 117 Runs in 45 balls against Bangladesh in Dhaka on 9.10.994.
4. Shahid Afridi : 102 Runs in 45 balls against India in Kanpur on 15.4.055.
5. ST Jayasuriya : 134 runs in 48 balls against Pakistan in Singapore on 2.4.966.
6. ST Jayasuriya : 130 runs in 55 balls against Bangladesh in Karanchi on 30.6.087.
7. Virender Sehwag : 125* runs in 60 balls against New Zealand in Hamilton on 11.3.098.
8. M Azharuddin : 108 runs in 62 balls against New Zealand in Baroda on 17.12.88
